hypospadias surgery in India Archives - Hypospadias Foundation

February 02 2026

Is there an age limit for hypospadias repair surgery?

Hypospadias is a congenital condition in which the urinary opening (meatus) is located on the underside of the penis instead of at the tip. Hypospadias repair surgery is a well-established and successful procedure that can be performed in infants, children, adolescents, and adults. However, choosing the best age for hypospadias repair plays an important role in healing, recovery, and long-term outcomes.

What Is the Best Age for Hypospadias Surgery?

Most expert hypospadias surgeons recommend performing surgery between 6 and 18 months of age. Surgery before 3 years of age is considered ideal, and if someone misses this period, surgery before 8 years of age is still strongly recommended if early repair was not possible.

Hypospadias Surgery in Infants (6–18 Months)

The ideal age for hypospadias surgery is between 6 and 18 months. At this age:

Penile tissues are soft, elastic, and heal faster
Scarring is minimal due to high tissue regeneration
Infants are unaware of their genitalia and body image
There is no psychological impact or memory of surgery

Early hypospadias repair also allows normal toilet training and smooth bladder control development. Post-operative care is easier in infants, as diaper changes simplify wound care and recovery is less stressful for parents.

Hypospadias Surgery Before 3 Years of Age

If surgery cannot be done in infancy, completing hypospadias repair before 3 years of age still provides excellent results. Children recover well, healing is fast, and long-term functional and cosmetic outcomes remain very good.

Hypospadias Surgery in Older Children

Hypospadias surgery in older children is safe and effective, though recovery can be more challenging.

Older children:

Are more aware of their genitalia and may feel shy or anxious
Experience more fear and perceived pain after surgery
May find dressing changes difficult
Sometimes hold urine after catheter removal due to fear of pain

Despite these challenges, healing and success rates remain high when surgery is performed by an experienced hypospadias surgeon.

Hypospadias Surgery in Teenagers

Teenage boys with untreated or failed hypospadias often feel embarrassed and reluctant to undergo surgery. In cases of hypospadias with chordee (penile curvature), we recommend delaying surgery until penile growth is complete. Avoiding surgery during active growth may prevent interference with natural penile development

Hypospadias Surgery in Adults

Hypospadias repair in adults is possible and can be highly successful. However, recovery is slower compared to children because:

Adult penile skin is thicker and less elastic
Healing takes longer
Pubic hair can affect wound care
Night-time erections may stress sutures and increase complication risk
Infection issues are higher
Urethral and extra safety supra-pubic catheter are also needed.

Even in adulthood, good outcomes are achievable in expert hands. Adult hypospadias surgery success rates at Hypospadias Foundation India are over 95%, which are best in the world.

Is There an Age Limit for Hypospadias Surgery?

There is no upper age limit for hypospadias surgery. The success of repair depends more on the experience of the hypospadias surgeon than the age of the patient. With proper evaluation and surgical expertise, excellent results can be achieved even in adulthood.

Importance of Choosing an Expert Hypospadias Surgeon

Before planning hypospadias surgery, it is essential to consult a specialist hypospadias surgeon. An experienced surgeon will:

Carefully examine the child or adult
Assess severity, chordee, and previous surgeries
Recommend the best timing and surgical technique

At Hypospadias Foundation, children and adults from over 30 countries undergo hypospadias repair. The oldest successfully treated patient was a 50-year-old man with failed hypospadias repair and urethral stricture, operated without complications. This highlights the importance of choosing a specialized center for hypospadias treatment.

Dr A K Singal is a highly experienced and internationally renowned hypospadias surgeon in India, widely regarded as one of the leading experts in hypospadias repair for both children and adults. He has dedicated his professional life to the treatment of complex and failed hypospadias cases, helping patients achieve excellent functional and cosmetic outcomes.

With decades of focused experience in primary and redo hypospadias surgery, Dr Singal’s expertise has contributed to consistently high success rates in infants, older children, adolescents, and adults with hypospadias.

Dr Ashwitha Shenoy is an expert pediatric surgeon with a special interest in pediatric urology and hypospadias surgery. Her training and experience in managing hypospadias in children ensure meticulous surgical care, age-appropriate planning, and excellent long-term outcomes.

Together, Dr A K Singal and Dr Ashwitha Shenoy work as a dedicated team to provide comprehensive hypospadias treatment in India. Their combined expertise allows them to manage simple to complex hypospadias cases, including failed repairs and adult hypospadias, delivering some of the best outcomes for hypospadias surgery in India.

Contact us:

For appointment kindly contact us at the contact details given below.

MITR hospital & Hypospadias Foundation, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India – Tue/Saturday 4:00pm-6:00pm, Call for appointments: +91-6262840940. Or email us at hypospadiasfoundationindia@gmail.com

Contact Form for Hypospadias Foundation

Please fill all clinical details and upload pictures and clinical summaries (if available)

May 05 2019

Family from Oman thanks hypospadias foundation for care with compassion

Hypospadias Foundation starts Clinic for Hypospadias Treatment & Surgery in Bahrain

It is amazing how far the parents go for ensuring the best care and results for their children when they are having a medical condition requiring treatment. At Hypospadias Foundation, Navi Mumbai, India, we are indeed blessed to be caring for more than 50 such families every year who come from all over the globe for surgery and care for their children. Combined with another 150 families from across India, we are proud and happy to be a part of the lives of almost 200 such families every year. Our dedication to compassionate care extends across borders, providing support and expertise to families worldwide. And when these children heal well, parents send thank you notes which makes it all worthwhile. Join us at the Hypospadias Foundation for care with compassion.

Here is one such letter sent by a family from Oman. Their son was diagnosed to have distal hypospadias in Oman. Family searched for best surgeon and hospital for hypospadias surgery in the world and finally landed up in Navi Mumbai for care under Dr A.K.Singal, top Hypospadias Surgeon and Pediatric Urologist.

Email follows:

Dr. Singal,

I hope you are fine and you family as well.

My son is fine now with grace of Allah. As you know he was having simple distal hypospadias. I searched many times and places regards treating my son professionally for his case. After watching your videos which are posted in YouTube (Hypospadias Foundation Youtube Channel) I decided to do the hypospadias operation for my son with you.

I would recommend any person who is looking for a doctor dealing with hypospadias to go for you for some reasons which are:

1. I am fully satisfied with your approach to the patient and his family.

2. Fully satisfied and comfortable with your high experience similar to my son’s case.

3. Administration at MITR hospital is fine and dealing with international patients professionally especially Dr. Ajit. Very respected person.

4. Price for hypospadias surgery was reasonable, and I paid as agreed.

If any patient would like to ask me, I am happy to answer their questions.

Many thanks Dr. Singal

Mr A, Oman.

We would like many more families to benefit from our expertise, love, and compassion while we treat the little ones for hypospadias. We have also now started a center at Ibn Al Nafees Hospital in Bahrain for children from the GCC region to help them with good results of hypospadias. Children from Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, UAE, Jordan, and Africa will now find it easy to get treated with Dr. Singal and his team in Bahrain. Dr. Singal visits Bahrain every 3-4 months and holds clinics and performs surgeries with Dr. Mahmood Asghar, a renowned Pediatric Surgeon himself in Bahrain. The team has delivered excellent results for more than 40 surgeries done in the last 5 visits of Dr. Singal (as of April 2019). Join us at the Hypospadias Foundation for care with compassion, dedicated to improving the lives of children and families affected by hypospadias.

For setting up an appointment in Bahrain, please write to us at hypospadias.bh@gmail.com or whatsapp at +973-39467333

For coming to India: Pls Fill up this form here:

http://www.hypospadiasfoundation.com/contact-form-for-patients/

Else pls drop an email to hypospadiasfoundationindia@gmail.com or

WhatsApp Dr Rajkumar (Coordinator for Hypospadias Foundation) at +919821261448

hypospadias foundation for care with compassion

Dr A.K.Singal performing surgery

Watch Video of Distal Penile Hypospadias Surgery by Dr A.K.Singal, Best Hypospadias Surgeon In India.

July 07 2015

A little boy from Bangladesh takes a little bit of India with him: Successful Distal Penile Hypospadias Repair Surgery in Navi Mumbai

We are privileged to care for children from across the world who come with their parents to our Hypospadias centre in Navi Mumbai, India looking for the best in Hypospadias surgery and treatment. The love and affection which we give to the kids is a mirror image of the trust and faith which family puts in us. It is the simple rule of medical care and cure.

Happy kids= happy parents = good results= happy surgeon who sleeps well. Our nurses and junior doctors almost adopt the kid as one of theirs and then play with the kid during recovery time and we see that with such a personalized care the kids recover after hypospadias surgery in no time.

Somebody said it aptly, “When you are happy the time flies very fast”. Hence, if everyone remains happy and in high spirits after a hypospadias surgery, time just disappears. Long journey to India and time spent here seems worthwhile.

The Email from Dhaka, Bangladesh:

Dear Sir,

Here is our testimony. As you know we are from Dhaka city in Bangladesh and when our son, baby Satyaki Sarkar, was born, he had a problem which the doctors named distal penile hypospadias. So when doctor told us about this problem we were very worried. We didn’t know what to do because we never heard the name of such type of problem. I searched in internet about the problem for best doctor for hypospadias. After searching internet we got the address of Dr. Arbinder Singal, Hypospadias specialist surgeon and Hypospadias Foundation in Navi Mumbai, India. We also watched the video of hypospadias repair surgery which they had uploaded related to surgery about hypospadias of a baby. We also studied the articles of Dr. Singal and others hypospadias surgeons around the world. After that we finally decided to do the hypospadias repair surgery in Navi Mumbai India, at MITR Hospital & Hypospadias foundation. We contacted with the authority of Hypospadias foundation for getting appointment. Ms. Emily Paul and Dr. Rajkumar Gupta arranged appointment for us in a cordial way.

Now it was time for hypospadias surgery. We met with Dr. Singal on 21st March. He appointed us on 23rd March for operation. We were so tensed about Satyaki’s operation. But Dr. Singal and his team were so cooperative that we forgot about all tensions and focused only on Satyaki’s operation. At last, on 23rd March, 2015, the hypospadias operation was done successfully without any problem. After having surgery we stayed in the hospital for one day and the next day they discharged us. After having surgery we felt that we came in the right place because my baby had no surgical pains. He recovered so quickly that we couldn’t imagine. We realized that best results are possible after hypospadias surgery.
We would like to specially mention about the nurses and staffs of hypospadias foundation. They were so cooperative, and cordial. They can manage the babies with hypospadias after surgery in a very caring and professional way.
Now my little boy is completely recovered and doing well without any problem. You may post the picture of my baby and us which you have to us. Because we think that this may help to realize the families that hypospadias problem may be solved through proper surgery. We also think that through our message and picture many families who are suffering from this problem will get new aspirations and hope.
At last we again want to give thanks to Dr. Singal and his team for doing this surgery in an excellent way. We wish success of this foundation in every step of its life.
With best regards

Sanjeev Kumar Sarkar
Father of Satyaki Sarkar
Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Satyaki Sarkar after successful hypospadias surgery with his family and Dr Singal

Case Details: Master Satyaki had a coronal hypospadias, a variety of distal penile hypospadias. He did not have any chordee and his urethral plate was good quality. Hence, we elected to perform a TIP (Tubularised Incised Plate urethroplasty, also called Snodgrass repair). The surgery was completed in one hour’s time and Satyaki was allowed feeds two hours after surgery. He recovered well from anesthesia and surgery and was planned for discharge the next day. In the usual course of family living nearby, we could have sent him home the same day also but since the family had travelled all the way from Bangladesh we kept them in hospital for overnight observation and then they shifted to a nearby hotel. Hypospadias dressing and catheter was removed 5 days after surgery and a final examination done 10 days later showed everything to be well healed and Satyaki was passing urine very well from his new opening at the tip of penis. Now at three months after surgery, Satyaki continues to do well and surgical team is delighted with the outcome of surgery.

While most of families may be little concerned about sharing their personal details etc, Mr Sarkar was very gracious and himself offered to share pictures and details to lend authenticity to the story. He felt this will encourage the parents to think positively about hypospadias treatment in their children. Our endeavor at Hypospadias Foundation of providing good personal and surgical care to children stands fulfilled when we get testimonial and review emails like this one.

About Hypospadias Foundation:

Hypospadias Foundation is a centre of excellence for treatment of children and adults having hypospadias. The centre is located within MITR Hospital at Kharghar, Navi Mumbai India and is the best hospital for treatment and care for patients with hypospadias and associated problems including DSD. The team is led by Dr A.K.Singal, a renowned Pediatric urologist surgeon and an excellent hypospadias surgeon. He is supported by Dr Manish Dubey who helped Dr Singal start Hypospadias Foundation and is himself a renowned Urologist. Every year more than 200 kids and adults travel to Navi Mumbai for care and treatment of Hypospadias. If you wish to contact us, you can write to us at hypospadiasfoundationindia@gmail.com or call Dr Rajkumar, Coordinator for Hypospadias Foundation at +919821261448 between 10am-5pm, India time.

You can also click here and fill up the contact form and we will answer your query as soon as possible

Watch Video of Distal penile Hypospadias repair procedure by Dr A.K.Singal

Watch Video of proximal penile hypospadias procedure by Dr A.K.Singal

Watch Video of severe scrotal hypospadias repair by Dr A.K.Singal

April 04 2015

What is chordee (bent penis) and why do hypospadias have chordee? How is chordee correction surgery done?

Chordee means that the penis is bent (curved penis). Penis mostly gets bent downwards hence it is called ventral chordee and is seen commonly seen in children with hypospadias. In children with other type of anomaly which is much rarer than hypospadias called epispadias the penis may be bent upwards, it is called dorsal chordee. Hypospadias is atleast 20-30 times more common than epispadias, hence when someone uses the word chordee it is by fault supposed to mean ventral chordee as seen in hypospadias.

Why does chordee happen?

When the penis is getting formed between 8-12 weeks of pregnancy, the urethra (urinary passage) also starts getting formed from the base of penis to the tip of penis. This happens gradually under the 3influence of male hormones produced by the testis. All around urethra, a special tissue called corpus spongiosum is also formed through which the urethra runs. The two cylinders of tissue called corpus cavernosa are also formed. Together equal sizes of spongiosum and two cavernosa cylinder are responsible for a straight penis. When the urethra is short as in hypospadias, the spongiosum tissue is a3lso short, the skin and dartos tissue under skin is also short and sometimes the corpora can also be curved. Hence chordee results from this shortage of these tissues on underside of penis.

Do all hypospadias have chordee?

Chordee is seen more than 50% of all hypospadias but this also depends on the severity of hypospadias. Generally, the more severe the hypospadias is, higher the chances of chordee. Hence, chordee is more common in scrotal hypospadias than distal penile hypospadias. This is a generalization and it is not true in all cases as we have seen lot of cases of chordee without hypospadias and also minor hypospadias having a major degree of chordee.

How is chordee checked and graded?

Chordee can sometimes be seen by the parents when the child has an early morning erection which happens even in small babies. Generally we tell the parents to click the picture from the side to document the chordee degree. Chordee must always be checked during hypospadias surgery by doing an artificial erection test. This is infact a mandatory test for all hypospadias and the most important thing to be taken care of during hypospadias surgery. If chordee is not checked and left untreated, it can create lot of issues in adulthood and need surgery again which is much more difficult in adulthood. Chordee is graded in degrees like 30 degrees, 45 degrees or 90 degrees or also as mild, moderate or severe.

Does chordee always need surgery repair?

A straight penis is important to have straight stream of urine as well as for having normal sexual intercourse. Hence, if the penis has anything more than 15-20 degrees of bend should be corrected.

How is chordee repair surgery done?

Degloving of penis: In any hypospadias surgery or chordee repair surgery, the first step is called degloving of penis. Degloving means that the penis skin is taken down till the base of penis by a circular incision around head of penis while saving the opening of hypospadias and urethral plate. Generally, there are some abnormal tissues around base of penis which cause chordee and once these are divided chordee gets corrected in most cases. Then a tourniquet is applied on the base of penis and saline solution is injected into the head of penis or corporal bodies. This is called artificial erection test and allows the hypospadias surgeon to assess the degree of chordee.
Tunica albuginea plication: If there is still chordee then further steps need to be done to correct chordee. If the chordee is mild, then we perform tighten the top side of penis with a non-absorbable stitch to straighten the penis.
Division of urethral plate: If the chordee is still severe then a cut needs to be given to divide the urethral plate between hypospadias opening and the head of penis.
Dermal graft for chordee correction: Chordee is again checked and if it still severe then corpora needs to be lengthened by placing a dermal graft on underside of penis. In case a dermal graft is placed, then a single staged repair can’t be done and a staged hypospadias repair is done.

It is important for a hypospadias surgeon to make sure that the chordee is completely corrected during hypospadias surgery. It requires experience to do a stepwise assessment of the chordee in every individual case and then proceed with chordee repair as detailed above. The importance of having a straight penis cannot be overemphasized.

About the author:

Dr A.K.Singal during Hypospadias surgery

Dr A.K.Singal is a renowned Pediatric urologist and is one of the best & most experienced hypospadias surgeons across India and world. His deep interest, research, knowledge has helped hundreds of children and adults with hypospadias achieve a satisfactory cosmetic and functional results of hypospadias. Dr Singal is available in Fortis Hospital in Mulund Mumbai, Jupiter hospital in Thane, Fortis Hospital in Vashi (Navi Mumbai) and MITR Hospital & Hypospadias Foundation in Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, India. To reach him you can send him an email at hypospadiasfoundationindia@gmail.com or fill up this form:

Contact form for Dr Singal

Also, you can call up Dr Rajkumar, Dr Singal’s assistant and Coordinator of Hypospadias Foundation on +91-9821261448

Video of Glanular Hypospadias with chordee surgery repair by Dr A.K.Singal

Video of Distal penile hypospadias repair procedure by Dr A.K.Singal

Video of proximal penile hypospadias repair surgery procedure by Dr A.K.Singal

Video of scrotal hypospadias single stage repair procedure by Dr A.K.Singal